Regions › Europe › France
France. Growing season April–October, harvest usually September–October. 26 vintages of weather, 2000–2025.
Photo: Benjamin Smith, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Over the 30 growing seasons from 1991 to 2020, Loire Valley (Touraine)'s vines saw on average 1,380 growing degree days between April and October. That puts it in Winkler region I, close in heat and rain to Alsace, Tokaj and Burgundy (Côte d'Or). In a typical year about 357 mm of rain falls in the growing season, 120 mm of it in September–October.
Since 2000 the warmest season was 2022 (+32% against normal) and the coolest 2008 (-13%). The wettest harvest window was 2012, with 230 mm against a normal 120 mm.
The last 10 vintages (2016–2025) averaged +13% against the 1991–2020 normal, compared with +1% for 2000–2009; 7 of those 10 seasons were warmer than normal by more than 3%.
Growing degree days (base 10°C) for each season. The dashed line is the 1991–2020 normal (1,380 GDD) and the shaded band one standard deviation either side: about two years in three fall inside it.
Full bar: rain over the whole growing season. Dark part: rain in the harvest window (September–October). The line is the normal season total, 357 mm.
Apr–Oct 2025
Much warmer
Hot months: Apr +2.7° Jun +4.8°
Bars: mean daily high each month (red = 2°C or more above normal, blue = that much below). Line: the 1991–2020 normal.
Rank 6 of 26 for heat · Winkler II
Apr–Oct 2024
Near normal
No month ran 2°C above its normal high
Bars: mean daily high each month (red = 2°C or more above normal, blue = that much below). Line: the 1991–2020 normal.
Rank 15 of 26 for heat · Winkler I
Apr–Oct 2023
Much warmer
Hot months: Jun +4.6° Sep +5.4° Oct +3.8°
Bars: mean daily high each month (red = 2°C or more above normal, blue = that much below). Line: the 1991–2020 normal.
Rank 2 of 26 for heat · Winkler III
Apr–Oct 2022
Much warmer
Hot months: May +3.8° Jun +2.9° Jul +3.8° Aug +3.5° Oct +3.9°
Bars: mean daily high each month (red = 2°C or more above normal, blue = that much below). Line: the 1991–2020 normal.
Rank 1 of 26 for heat · Winkler III
Apr–Oct 2021
Cooler
Hot months: Sep +2.2°
Bars: mean daily high each month (red = 2°C or more above normal, blue = that much below). Line: the 1991–2020 normal.
Rank 19 of 26 for heat · Winkler I
Apr–Oct 2020
Much warmer
Hot months: Apr +3.9° May +2.0° Sep +2.8°
Bars: mean daily high each month (red = 2°C or more above normal, blue = that much below). Line: the 1991–2020 normal.
Rank 7 of 26 for heat · Winkler II
Apr–Oct 2019
Much warmer
Hot months: Jul +3.6°
Bars: mean daily high each month (red = 2°C or more above normal, blue = that much below). Line: the 1991–2020 normal.
Rank 9 of 26 for heat · Winkler II
Apr–Oct 2018
Much warmer
Hot months: Apr +2.2° Jul +2.9° Aug +2.0° Sep +2.7° Oct +2.4°
Bars: mean daily high each month (red = 2°C or more above normal, blue = that much below). Line: the 1991–2020 normal.
Rank 3 of 26 for heat · Winkler III
Apr–Oct 2017
Much warmer
Hot months: Jun +3.4°
Bars: mean daily high each month (red = 2°C or more above normal, blue = that much below). Line: the 1991–2020 normal.
Rank 10 of 26 for heat · Winkler II
Apr–Oct 2016
Near normal
Hot months: Aug +2.2° Sep +2.4°
Bars: mean daily high each month (red = 2°C or more above normal, blue = that much below). Line: the 1991–2020 normal.
Rank 17 of 26 for heat · Winkler I
Apr–Oct 2015
Warmer
Hot months: Apr +2.1°
Bars: mean daily high each month (red = 2°C or more above normal, blue = that much below). Line: the 1991–2020 normal.
Rank 13 of 26 for heat · Winkler II
Apr–Oct 2014
Near normal
Hot months: Oct +2.6°
Bars: mean daily high each month (red = 2°C or more above normal, blue = that much below). Line: the 1991–2020 normal.
Rank 14 of 26 for heat · Winkler II
Apr–Oct 2013
Cooler
Hot months: Jul +2.2°
Bars: mean daily high each month (red = 2°C or more above normal, blue = that much below). Line: the 1991–2020 normal.
Rank 21 of 26 for heat · Winkler I
Apr–Oct 2012
Cooler
No month ran 2°C above its normal high
Bars: mean daily high each month (red = 2°C or more above normal, blue = that much below). Line: the 1991–2020 normal.
Rank 24 of 26 for heat · Winkler I
Apr–Oct 2011
Warmer
Hot months: Apr +4.4° May +2.7°
Bars: mean daily high each month (red = 2°C or more above normal, blue = that much below). Line: the 1991–2020 normal.
Rank 11 of 26 for heat · Winkler II
Apr–Oct 2010
Cooler
No month ran 2°C above its normal high
Bars: mean daily high each month (red = 2°C or more above normal, blue = that much below). Line: the 1991–2020 normal.
Rank 22 of 26 for heat · Winkler I
Apr–Oct 2009
Warmer
No month ran 2°C above its normal high
Bars: mean daily high each month (red = 2°C or more above normal, blue = that much below). Line: the 1991–2020 normal.
Rank 12 of 26 for heat · Winkler II
Apr–Oct 2008
Much cooler
No month ran 2°C above its normal high
Bars: mean daily high each month (red = 2°C or more above normal, blue = that much below). Line: the 1991–2020 normal.
Rank 26 of 26 for heat · Winkler I
Apr–Oct 2007
Cooler
Hot months: Apr +5.3°
Bars: mean daily high each month (red = 2°C or more above normal, blue = that much below). Line: the 1991–2020 normal.
Rank 23 of 26 for heat · Winkler I
Apr–Oct 2006
Much warmer
Hot months: Jun +2.5° Jul +4.9° Sep +2.8°
Bars: mean daily high each month (red = 2°C or more above normal, blue = that much below). Line: the 1991–2020 normal.
Rank 4 of 26 for heat · Winkler II
Apr–Oct 2005
Much warmer
Hot months: Jun +2.9° Oct +3.4°
Bars: mean daily high each month (red = 2°C or more above normal, blue = that much below). Line: the 1991–2020 normal.
Rank 8 of 26 for heat · Winkler II
Apr–Oct 2004
Near normal
No month ran 2°C above its normal high
Bars: mean daily high each month (red = 2°C or more above normal, blue = that much below). Line: the 1991–2020 normal.
Rank 16 of 26 for heat · Winkler I
Apr–Oct 2003
Much warmer
Hot months: Jun +3.5° Aug +5.6°
Bars: mean daily high each month (red = 2°C or more above normal, blue = that much below). Line: the 1991–2020 normal.
Rank 5 of 26 for heat · Winkler II
Apr–Oct 2002
Much cooler
No month ran 2°C above its normal high
Bars: mean daily high each month (red = 2°C or more above normal, blue = that much below). Line: the 1991–2020 normal.
Rank 25 of 26 for heat · Winkler I
Apr–Oct 2001
Cooler
Hot months: Oct +2.6°
Bars: mean daily high each month (red = 2°C or more above normal, blue = that much below). Line: the 1991–2020 normal.
Rank 18 of 26 for heat · Winkler I
Apr–Oct 2000
Cooler
No month ran 2°C above its normal high
Bars: mean daily high each month (red = 2°C or more above normal, blue = that much below). Line: the 1991–2020 normal.
Rank 20 of 26 for heat · Winkler I
| Vintage | GDD | vs normal | Season rain | Harvest rain | Hottest month (mean high) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 1,590 | +15% | 256 mm | 111 mm | June 28.9°C |
| 2024 | 1,380 | -1% | 539 mm | 223 mm | August 27.2°C |
| 2023 | 1,770 | +28% | 371 mm | 151 mm | June 28.7°C |
| 2022 | 1,830 | +32% | 337 mm | 148 mm | July 30.2°C |
| 2021 | 1,340 | -4% | 396 mm | 122 mm | June 25.2°C |
| 2020 | 1,590 | +15% | 341 mm | 142 mm | August 28.1°C |
| 2019 | 1,550 | +12% | 367 mm | 183 mm | July 30.0°C |
| 2018 | 1,710 | +24% | 284 mm | 67 mm | July 29.3°C |
| 2017 | 1,530 | +11% | 290 mm | 78 mm | June 27.5°C |
| 2016 | 1,360 | -2% | 341 mm | 87 mm | August 28.8°C |
| 2015 | 1,430 | +3% | 313 mm | 107 mm | July 28.0°C |
| 2014 | 1,410 | +2% | 394 mm | 81 mm | July 25.9°C |
| 2013 | 1,320 | -4% | 397 mm | 152 mm | July 28.6°C |
| 2012 | 1,270 | -8% | 541 mm | 230 mm | August 27.5°C |
| 2011 | 1,470 | +6% | 291 mm | 81 mm | August 24.9°C |
| 2010 | 1,320 | -5% | 269 mm | 92 mm | July 27.8°C |
| 2009 | 1,460 | +6% | 316 mm | 89 mm | August 28.3°C |
| 2008 | 1,200 | -13% | 350 mm | 77 mm | July 25.7°C |
| 2007 | 1,300 | -6% | 367 mm | 59 mm | July 23.6°C |
| 2006 | 1,630 | +17% | 384 mm | 220 mm | July 31.3°C |
| 2005 | 1,570 | +14% | 279 mm | 104 mm | June 27.0°C |
| 2004 | 1,370 | -1% | 318 mm | 100 mm | July 25.6°C |
| 2003 | 1,600 | +15% | 340 mm | 136 mm | August 32.2°C |
| 2002 | 1,220 | -12% | 397 mm | 119 mm | July 24.6°C |
| 2001 | 1,340 | -3% | 428 mm | 121 mm | August 26.2°C |
| 2000 | 1,330 | -4% | 434 mm | 139 mm | August 26.8°C |
| 1991–2020 | 1,380 | ±11% (1 SD) | 357 mm | 120 mm |
The closest matches on this site by normal heat and season rain. Similar weather is one ingredient; soils, slopes and grapes differ.
